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Severe

Seizure

Sudden convulsions, jerking, or loss of awareness.

Step-by-step

  1. 1

    Keep them safe — don't restrain

    Clear hard or sharp objects away from them. Put something soft (folded jacket) under their head if possible.

  2. 2

    Loosen anything around the neck

    Open collars, ties, scarves. Remove glasses.

  3. 3

    Note the start time

    Look at a clock. Most seizures stop on their own within 1–2 minutes. Anything longer is an emergency.

  4. 4

    Let it run its course

    Don't try to stop the movements. Don't put anything in their mouth. They cannot swallow their tongue.

  5. 5

    When it stops — recovery position

    Roll them gently onto their side. Tilt the head back to keep the airway open. Stay with them — they will be confused, drowsy, or sleepy for several minutes. Speak calmly. Don't crowd them.

🛑 Do NOT

  • Do NOT put anything in their mouth (including your fingers, a spoon, or a wallet) — myth and dangerous.
  • Do NOT hold them down or try to stop the convulsions.
  • Do NOT give them food or water until they are fully alert.
  • Do NOT leave them alone afterwards — confusion and tiredness can last 30+ minutes.

📞 Call an ambulance if…

  • The seizure lasts longer than 5 minutes.
  • Another seizure starts before they have recovered from the first.
  • They are injured during the seizure (especially head or back).
  • They have trouble breathing afterwards or remain unconscious.
  • It is their first ever seizure.
  • It happens to a pregnant person, in water, or to someone with diabetes.
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This guide is educational content — not medical advice. Always call emergency services first. Sources: Red Cross, American Heart Association, NHS England.